refactor: convert f-string logging to lazy %-style format (G004)

Sweep all 1676 G004 violations across 112 files, converting
`logger.<level>(f"…{x}…")` to `logger.<level>("…%s…", x)`.

Why: ruff rule G004 was added to pyproject.toml to enforce lazy
%-style logging — defers formatting until the log level is enabled
and lets structured log tooling match the unformatted template.

Conversion preserves rendered output byte-for-byte:
- `{x}` → `%s` + `x`
- `{x!r}` / `{x!s}` / `{x!a}` → `%r` / `%s` / `%a`
- Format specs (`{x:.2f}`, `{x:>10}`) → `%s` + `format(x, 'spec')`
  (printf-style specs aren't 1:1 with Python format specs, so we
  delegate to `format()` to keep identical output)
- Literal `%` → `%%`
- Concatenated f-strings (`f"a {x} " "b"`) flattened
- Trailing kwargs (`exc_info=True`) preserved

Verified:
- `uv run ruff check --select G004` → 0 violations
- `uv run ty check -- nextcloud_mcp_server` → passes
- `uv run pytest tests/unit/` → 1010 passed

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/integration/test_astrolabe_chunk_context.py

@@ -91,8 +91,10 @@ async def _poll_astrolabe_search_for_note(
         )
         if note_result is not None:
             logger.info(
-                f"Note {note_id} surfaced in Astrolabe search after {attempts} "
-                f"attempts (~{attempts * 2}s)"
+                "Note %s surfaced in Astrolabe search after %s attempts (~%ss)",
+                note_id,
+                attempts,
+                attempts * 2,
             )
             return note_result
         await anyio.sleep(2)
@@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ async def test_chunk_context_endpoint_uses_app_password(
                         "nc_notes_delete_note", {"note_id": note_id}
                     )
         except Exception as cleanup_err:
-            logger.warning(f"Cleanup failed for note {note_id}: {cleanup_err}")
+            logger.warning("Cleanup failed for note %s: %s", note_id, cleanup_err)
         await context.close()