fix: address PR review — XSS escape, asyncio→anyio, URL rewrite dedup

- Escape HTML in _render_error to prevent XSS from exception messages
- Replace asyncio.create_task/sleep with anyio task group and sleep,
  tying poll task lifetime to the app lifespan for proper cleanup
- Extract rewrite_url_origin() utility to fix duplicated URL rewriting
  logic and replace urlparse._replace with stable urlunparse API
- Add warning log for insecure HTTP redirect URIs
- Add unit tests for validation, XSS escaping, route handlers, and
  URL rewriting (16 new tests in test_provision_routes.py)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

nextcloud_mcp_server/app.py

@@ -1412,22 +1412,26 @@ def get_app(transport: str = "streamable-http", enabled_apps: list[str] | None =
             await anyio.sleep(3600)  # Every hour
 
     @asynccontextmanager
-    async def _maybe_login_flow_cleanup():
-        """Start Login Flow cleanup task if enabled."""
-        if settings.enable_login_flow:
+    async def _maybe_login_flow_cleanup(app: Starlette):
+        """Start Login Flow cleanup task and provision poll task group."""
         async with anyio.create_task_group() as tg:
+            if settings.enable_login_flow:
                 tg.start_soon(_login_flow_cleanup_loop)
+            # Share task group with provision routes for background polling
+            for route in app.routes:
+                if isinstance(route, Mount) and route.path == "/app":
+                    browser_app = cast(Starlette, route.app)
+                    browser_app.state.poll_task_group = tg
+                    break
             yield
             tg.cancel_scope.cancel()
-        else:
-            yield
 
     @asynccontextmanager
-    async def _mcp_session_with_login_flow():
+    async def _mcp_session_with_login_flow(app: Starlette):
         """Start MCP session manager with optional Login Flow cleanup."""
         async with AsyncExitStack() as stack:
             await stack.enter_async_context(mcp.session_manager.run())
-            await stack.enter_async_context(_maybe_login_flow_cleanup())
+            await stack.enter_async_context(_maybe_login_flow_cleanup(app))
             yield
 
     @asynccontextmanager
@@ -1663,7 +1667,7 @@ def get_app(transport: str = "streamable-http", enabled_apps: list[str] | None =
                 )
 
                 # Run MCP session manager and yield
-                async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow():
+                async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow(app):
                     try:
                         yield
                     finally:
@@ -1845,7 +1849,7 @@ def get_app(transport: str = "streamable-http", enabled_apps: list[str] | None =
                     )
 
                     # Run MCP session manager and yield
-                    async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow():
+                    async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow(app):
                         try:
                             yield
                         finally:
@@ -1864,7 +1868,7 @@ def get_app(transport: str = "streamable-http", enabled_apps: list[str] | None =
                     "To enable, set NEXTCLOUD_OIDC_CLIENT_ID and NEXTCLOUD_OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET."
                 )
                 # Just run MCP session manager without vector sync
-                async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow():
+                async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow(app):
                     yield
 
         else:
@@ -1884,7 +1888,7 @@ def get_app(transport: str = "streamable-http", enabled_apps: list[str] | None =
                     logger.warning(
                         "Vector sync enabled but TOKEN_ENCRYPTION_KEY not set"
                     )
-            async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow():
+            async with _mcp_session_with_login_flow(app):
                 yield
 
     # Health check endpoints for Kubernetes probes

nextcloud_mcp_server/auth/login_flow.py

@@ -19,6 +19,26 @@ from nextcloud_mcp_server.http import nextcloud_httpx_client
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def rewrite_url_origin(url: str, target_host: str) -> str:
+    """Rewrite a URL's scheme+host+port to match target_host.
+
+    Preserves the path, params, query, and fragment from the original URL.
+    Useful for rewriting internal Docker hostnames to public-facing URLs.
+    """
+    parsed_url = urlparse(url)
+    parsed_host = urlparse(target_host)
+    return urlunparse(
+        (
+            parsed_host.scheme,
+            parsed_host.netloc,
+            parsed_url.path,
+            parsed_url.params,
+            parsed_url.query,
+            parsed_url.fragment,
+        )
+    )
+
+
 class LoginFlowInitResponse(BaseModel):
     """Response from initiating Login Flow v2."""
 
@@ -120,13 +140,7 @@ class LoginFlowV2Client:
         (e.g. http://app:80). This replaces the scheme+host+port while
         preserving the path and query.
         """
-        parsed_url = urlparse(url)
-        parsed_host = urlparse(self.nextcloud_host)
-        rewritten = parsed_url._replace(
-            scheme=parsed_host.scheme,
-            netloc=parsed_host.netloc,
-        )
-        result = urlunparse(rewritten)
+        result = rewrite_url_origin(url, self.nextcloud_host)
         if result != url:
             logger.debug(f"Rewrote Login Flow v2 URL: {url} → {result}")
         return result

nextcloud_mcp_server/auth/provision_routes.py

@@ -13,17 +13,18 @@ Flow:
 5. User returns to Astrolabe settings (via redirect_uri or navigation)
 """
 
-import asyncio
+import html
 import logging
 import os
 import secrets
 import time
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
+import anyio
 from starlette.requests import Request
 from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
 
-from nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.login_flow import LoginFlowV2Client
+from nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.login_flow import LoginFlowV2Client, rewrite_url_origin
 from nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.storage import get_shared_storage
 from nextcloud_mcp_server.config import get_nextcloud_ssl_verify, get_settings
 
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ async def _poll_and_store(provision_id: str) -> None:
             logger.warning(
                 f"Login Flow v2 poll error for provision {provision_id}: {e}"
             )
-            await asyncio.sleep(2)
+            await anyio.sleep(2)
             continue
 
         if result.status == "completed":
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ async def _poll_and_store(provision_id: str) -> None:
             )
             return
 
-        await asyncio.sleep(2)
+        await anyio.sleep(2)
 
     # Timed out
     session["status"] = "expired"
@@ -151,6 +152,9 @@ async def provision_page(request: Request) -> RedirectResponse | HTMLResponse:
             status_code=400,
         )
 
+    if urlparse(redirect_uri).scheme == "http":
+        logger.warning(f"Provision redirect_uri uses insecure HTTP: {redirect_uri}")
+
     # Check if user already has an app password — skip straight to redirect
     if user_id:
         storage = await get_shared_storage()
@@ -196,8 +200,18 @@ async def provision_page(request: Request) -> RedirectResponse | HTMLResponse:
         "expires_at": time.time() + _SESSION_TTL,
     }
 
-    # Start background polling task
-    asyncio.create_task(_poll_and_store(provision_id))
+    # Start background polling task (uses task group from app lifespan)
+    poll_tg = getattr(request.app.state, "poll_task_group", None)
+    if poll_tg is None:
+        logger.error("No poll task group available; cannot start background polling")
+        _provision_sessions.pop(provision_id, None)
+        return HTMLResponse(
+            content=_render_error(
+                "Server configuration error: background polling unavailable."
+            ),
+            status_code=500,
+        )
+    poll_tg.start_soon(_poll_and_store, provision_id)
 
     logger.info(
         f"Login Flow v2 web provision initiated (provision_id={provision_id}, "
@@ -210,12 +224,7 @@ async def provision_page(request: Request) -> RedirectResponse | HTMLResponse:
     login_url = init_response.login_url
     public_issuer = os.getenv("NEXTCLOUD_PUBLIC_ISSUER_URL", "")
     if public_issuer and nextcloud_host:
-        # Extract just scheme+host from NEXTCLOUD_HOST for matching
-        # (NC may omit default ports, e.g. http://app:80 → http://app)
-        parsed = urlparse(nextcloud_host)
-        internal_origin = f"{parsed.scheme}://{parsed.hostname}"
-        if internal_origin in login_url:
-            login_url = login_url.replace(internal_origin, public_issuer.rstrip("/"))
+        login_url = rewrite_url_origin(login_url, public_issuer.rstrip("/"))
 
     return RedirectResponse(login_url)
 
@@ -282,7 +291,7 @@ def _render_error(message: str) -> str:
 <body>
     <div class="card">
         <h1 class="error">Provisioning Error</h1>
-        <p>{message}</p>
+        <p>{html.escape(message)}</p>
     </div>
 </body>
 </html>"""

tests/unit/test_login_flow.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.login_flow import (
     LoginFlowInitResponse,
     LoginFlowPollResult,
     LoginFlowV2Client,
+    rewrite_url_origin,
 )
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.unit
@@ -208,3 +209,36 @@ async def test_login_flow_poll_result_model():
     assert pending.status == "pending"
     assert pending.server is None
     assert pending.app_password is None
+
+
+# ── rewrite_url_origin tests ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+async def test_rewrite_url_origin_basic():
+    """Test basic origin rewriting."""
+    result = rewrite_url_origin(
+        "http://localhost/login/v2/poll", "https://cloud.example.com"
+    )
+    assert result == "https://cloud.example.com/login/v2/poll"
+
+
+async def test_rewrite_url_origin_preserves_port():
+    """Test that port in target_host is preserved."""
+    result = rewrite_url_origin("http://localhost/path", "http://app:8080")
+    assert result == "http://app:8080/path"
+
+
+async def test_rewrite_url_origin_preserves_query():
+    """Test that query string and fragment are preserved."""
+    result = rewrite_url_origin(
+        "http://internal/path?token=abc&foo=bar#section",
+        "https://public.example.com",
+    )
+    assert result == "https://public.example.com/path?token=abc&foo=bar#section"
+
+
+async def test_rewrite_url_origin_noop_when_same():
+    """Test that rewriting to the same origin is a no-op."""
+    url = "https://cloud.example.com/login/v2/poll"
+    result = rewrite_url_origin(url, "https://cloud.example.com")
+    assert result == url

tests/unit/test_provision_routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+"""Unit tests for web-based Login Flow v2 provisioning routes.
+
+Tests validation, HTML escaping, URL rewriting, and route handlers.
+"""
+
+import time
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.provision_routes import (
+    _provision_sessions,
+    _render_error,
+    _validate_redirect_uri,
+    provision_page,
+    provision_status,
+)
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.unit
+
+
+# ── _validate_redirect_uri tests ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_accepts_https():
+    """Valid HTTPS URL is accepted."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("https://app.example.com/callback") is True
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_accepts_http_localhost():
+    """Valid HTTP localhost URL is accepted."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("http://localhost:3000/callback") is True
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_rejects_javascript():
+    """javascript: URIs are rejected."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("javascript:alert(1)") is False
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_rejects_relative_url():
+    """Relative URLs are rejected (no scheme/netloc)."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("/relative/path") is False
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_rejects_bare_hostname():
+    """Bare hostnames without scheme are rejected."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("example.com") is False
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_rejects_data_uri():
+    """data: URIs are rejected."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("data:text/html,<h1>hi</h1>") is False
+
+
+async def test_validate_redirect_uri_rejects_empty():
+    """Empty string is rejected."""
+    assert _validate_redirect_uri("") is False
+
+
+# ── _render_error tests ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+async def test_render_error_escapes_html():
+    """XSS regression: HTML in error messages must be escaped."""
+    html_output = _render_error("<script>alert('xss')</script>")
+    assert "<script>" not in html_output
+    assert "&lt;script&gt;" in html_output
+
+
+async def test_render_error_escapes_angle_brackets():
+    """Angle brackets in exception messages are escaped."""
+    html_output = _render_error("Unexpected response from <internal-host>")
+    assert "<internal-host>" not in html_output
+    assert "&lt;internal-host&gt;" in html_output
+
+
+async def test_render_error_preserves_plain_text():
+    """Plain text messages render correctly."""
+    html_output = _render_error("Something went wrong.")
+    assert "Something went wrong." in html_output
+    assert "Provisioning Error" in html_output
+
+
+# ── provision_status tests ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def _make_request(query_params: dict) -> MagicMock:
+    """Create a mock Starlette Request with query_params."""
+    request = MagicMock()
+    request.query_params = query_params
+    return request
+
+
+async def test_provision_status_not_found():
+    """Unknown provision ID returns 404."""
+    request = _make_request({"id": "nonexistent-id"})
+    response = await provision_status(request)
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response.body is not None
+
+
+async def test_provision_status_pending():
+    """Pending session returns status=pending."""
+    provision_id = "test-pending-id"
+    _provision_sessions[provision_id] = {
+        "status": "pending",
+        "expires_at": time.time() + 600,
+    }
+    try:
+        request = _make_request({"id": provision_id})
+        response = await provision_status(request)
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+    finally:
+        _provision_sessions.pop(provision_id, None)
+
+
+async def test_provision_status_completed_cleans_up():
+    """Completed session returns username and removes session."""
+    provision_id = "test-completed-id"
+    _provision_sessions[provision_id] = {
+        "status": "completed",
+        "username": "alice",
+        "expires_at": time.time() + 600,
+    }
+    request = _make_request({"id": provision_id})
+    response = await provision_status(request)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    # Session should be cleaned up after status read
+    assert provision_id not in _provision_sessions
+
+
+# ── provision_page tests ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+async def test_provision_page_missing_redirect_uri():
+    """Missing redirect_uri returns 400."""
+    request = _make_request({})
+    response = await provision_page(request)
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+async def test_provision_page_invalid_redirect_uri():
+    """Invalid redirect_uri (javascript:) returns 400."""
+    request = _make_request({"redirect_uri": "javascript:alert(1)"})
+    response = await provision_page(request)
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+async def test_provision_page_skips_if_already_provisioned():
+    """If user already has an app password, redirect immediately."""
+    request = _make_request(
+        {
+            "redirect_uri": "https://app.example.com/settings",
+            "user_id": "alice",
+        }
+    )
+
+    mock_storage = AsyncMock()
+    mock_storage.get_app_password_with_scopes.return_value = {
+        "app_password": "existing-password",
+    }
+
+    with patch(
+        "nextcloud_mcp_server.auth.provision_routes.get_shared_storage",
+        return_value=mock_storage,
+    ):
+        response = await provision_page(request)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 307  # RedirectResponse default
+    assert response.headers["location"] == "https://app.example.com/settings"