diff --git a/nextcloud_mcp_server/api/webhooks.py b/nextcloud_mcp_server/api/webhooks.py
index bce63738..dbcdaa1f 100644
--- a/nextcloud_mcp_server/api/webhooks.py
+++ b/nextcloud_mcp_server/api/webhooks.py
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async def get_installed_apps(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
         logger.info("Provisioning required for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
         return JSONResponse(
             {"error": "Provisioning required", "message": str(e)},
-            status_code=412,
+            status_code=428,
         )
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error("Error getting installed apps for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ async def list_webhooks(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
         logger.info("Provisioning required for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
         return JSONResponse(
             {"error": "Provisioning required", "message": str(e)},
-            status_code=412,
+            status_code=428,
         )
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error("Error listing webhooks for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ async def create_webhook(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
         logger.info("Provisioning required for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
         return JSONResponse(
             {"error": "Provisioning required", "message": str(e)},
-            status_code=412,
+            status_code=428,
         )
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error("Error creating webhook for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ async def delete_webhook(request: Request) -> JSONResponse:
         logger.info("Provisioning required for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
         return JSONResponse(
             {"error": "Provisioning required", "message": str(e)},
-            status_code=412,
+            status_code=428,
         )
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error("Error deleting webhook for user %s: %s", user_id, e)
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_management_apps_endpoint.py b/tests/unit/test_management_apps_endpoint.py
index 6a10655f..52939c85 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_management_apps_endpoint.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_management_apps_endpoint.py
@@ -166,9 +166,11 @@ async def test_missing_nextcloud_host_returns_500(mocker):
     assert http_response.status_code == 500
 
 
-async def test_unprovisioned_user_returns_412(mocker):
-    """Users without a stored app password get HTTP 412 so the client can
-    surface a 'complete Login Flow v2' UX rather than a generic 500."""
+async def test_unprovisioned_user_returns_428(mocker):
+    """Users without a stored app password get HTTP 428 (Precondition Required,
+    RFC 6585) so the client can surface a 'complete Login Flow v2' UX rather
+    than a generic 500. 428 is the right semantic — the request requires a
+    prerequisite step (provisioning) before it can succeed."""
     _patch_token_validation(mocker)
     mocker.patch(
         "nextcloud_mcp_server.api.webhooks.get_basic_auth_for_user",
@@ -181,5 +183,5 @@ async def test_unprovisioned_user_returns_412(mocker):
         "/api/v1/apps", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer test-token"}
     )
 
-    assert http_response.status_code == 412
+    assert http_response.status_code == 428
     assert http_response.json()["error"] == "Provisioning required"
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_webhooks_api_auth.py b/tests/unit/test_webhooks_api_auth.py
index cc013f24..9f1e70f4 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_webhooks_api_auth.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_webhooks_api_auth.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ async def test_list_webhooks_uses_basic_auth(mocker):
     _assert_basic_auth_not_bearer(factory)
 
 
-async def test_list_webhooks_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
+async def test_list_webhooks_returns_428_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
     _patch_token_validation(mocker)
     mocker.patch(
         "nextcloud_mcp_server.api.webhooks.get_basic_auth_for_user",
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ async def test_list_webhooks_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
     client = TestClient(_build_test_app())
     resp = client.get("/api/v1/webhooks", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer mcp-token"})
 
-    assert resp.status_code == 412
+    assert resp.status_code == 428
     assert resp.json()["error"] == "Provisioning required"
 
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ async def test_create_webhook_validates_required_fields(mocker):
     assert resp.status_code == 400
 
 
-async def test_create_webhook_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
+async def test_create_webhook_returns_428_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
     _patch_token_validation(mocker)
     mocker.patch(
         "nextcloud_mcp_server.api.webhooks.get_basic_auth_for_user",
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ async def test_create_webhook_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
         json={"event": "X", "uri": "http://x"},
     )
 
-    assert resp.status_code == 412
+    assert resp.status_code == 428
     assert resp.json()["error"] == "Provisioning required"
 
 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ async def test_delete_webhook_rejects_non_integer_id(mocker):
     assert resp.status_code == 400
 
 
-async def test_delete_webhook_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
+async def test_delete_webhook_returns_428_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
     _patch_token_validation(mocker)
     mocker.patch(
         "nextcloud_mcp_server.api.webhooks.get_basic_auth_for_user",
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ async def test_delete_webhook_returns_412_when_unprovisioned(mocker):
         headers={"Authorization": "Bearer mcp-token"},
     )
 
-    assert resp.status_code == 412
+    assert resp.status_code == 428
     assert resp.json()["error"] == "Provisioning required"